field <- rep(1:15,c(4,1,3,2,2,4,2,2,2,2,4,2,2,2,2)) section <- c(1,1,2,2,3:10,11,11,12,12,13:20,21,21,22,22,23:30) porosity <- c(3.846,3.712,5.629,2.021,5.087,4.624,4.411,3.357, 3.991,5.766,5.677,3.333,4.355,6.292,4.940,4.810, 2.983,4.396,5.603,3.683,5.942,5.014,5.143,4.061, 3.835,2.964,4.584,4.398,4.193,4.125,3.074,3.483, 3.867,4.212,6.247,4.730) soil <- data.frame(field,section,porosity) attach(soil) field <- factor(field) section <- factor(section) soil.mod1 <- aov(porosity ~ field + field/section) summary(soil.mod1) library(nlme) soil.mod2 <- lme(fixed=porosity ~ 1, random=~1|field/section) summary(soil.mod2) library(lme4) soil.mod3 <- lmer(porosity~1+(1|field/section)) summary(soil.mod3)