pdf("ex_03_00.pdf")

package <- c(rep(1:4,each=3))
logcount <- c(7.66,6.98,7.80,5.26,5.44,5.80,7.41,7.33,7.04,3.51,2.91,3.66)

bacteria <- data.frame(package,logcount)

attach(bacteria)

package <- factor(package)

bacteria

contrasts(package) <- cbind(c(3,-1,-1,-1),c(0,2,-1,-1),c(0,0,1,-1))

contrasts(package)

package.mod <- aov(logcount~package)

summary.lm(package.mod)


dev.off()