Confidence Intervals for μ (when σ is unknown)
Suppose that you want to determine the average
weight of Bears collected by Gary Alt as reported by the Readers Digest in
1979.
This data set is located as a worksheet on the
Minitab CD in the Students12 folder called Bears2.
When sigma is unknown but n is larger than 30, you can
conduct a CI that uses z.
(It is also acceptable to use the t distribution.)
- Find the sample
standard deviation by using the descriptive
statistics command. In this case, s = 117.8.
- To do this, enter
your data into C1. Then go to Stat, Basic Statistics, 1 sample z.
- Your screen should
look like this.

- Enter the variable
that you want and enter 117.8 in the standard deviation box.
- Now click on
Options.

- Make sure that you entered
the correct confidence level.
- Next pick the type of confidence
interval or bound.
- If you want a
confidence interval select, "not equal" as your alternative.
- If you want a
confidence bound, select "less than" for a upper bound or
"greater than" for an lower bound.
- Your output may look like the
following.
One-Sample Z: Weight
The assumed
standard deviation = 117.8
Variable N Mean StDev
SE Mean 95% CI
Weight 50 202.840 117.801
16.659 (170.188, 235.492)