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Locations and DLCIs        14


This chapter describes how to use the command line interface to configure the location table used for dial-out network connections. Detailed command definitions follow a command summary table. A summary table and details for the data link connection identifier (DLCI) table used for Frame Relay subinterfaces are also described.

Note ¯ After making changes to a location that is in use, you must reset the port that the location is using.

 

Displaying Location Information.

Use the following commands to display information about the location table:

Summary of Location Commands

The location table commands in Table 14-1 are used to configure the location table, used for network dial-out.  
Location Table Commands

Command Syntax

 

add location Locname

- see page 14-3

delete location Locname

- see page 14-4

save location

- see page 14-5

set location Locname analog on|off

- see page 14-5

set location Locname automatic|manual|on_demand

- see page 14-6

set location Locname chap on|off

- see page 14-8

set location Locname compression on|off|stac|vj

- see page 14-9

set location Locname destination Ipaddress

- see page 14-10

set location Locname group Group

- see page 14-10

set location Locname high_water Number

- see page 14-11

set location Locname idletime Number [minutes|seconds]

- see page 14-12

set location Locname ifilter [Filtername]

- see page 14-13

set location Locname ipxnet Ipxnetwork

- see page 14-14

set location Locname local-ip-address Ipaddress

- see page 14-14

set location Locname map Hex

- see page 14-15

set location Locname maxports Number

- see page 14-16

set location Locname mtu MTU

- see page 14-17

set location Locname multilink on|off

- see page 14-18

set location Locname netmask Ipmask

- see page 14-19

set location Locname ofilter [Filtername]

- see page 14-19

set location Locname ospf on|off [cost Number] [hello-interval Seconds] [dead-time Seconds]
[nbma|point-to-multipoint|wan-as-stub-ptmp]

- see page 11-9

set location Locname password Password

- see page 14-20

set location Locname protocol
slip|ppp|frame_relay|x75-sync

- see page 14-21

set location Locname rip on|off|broadcast|listen

- see page 10-20

set location Locname route-filter incoming|outgoing Filtername

- see page 10-8

set location Locname script|v25bis
RuleNumber "String1" "String2"

- see page 14-22

set location Locname telephone String

- see page 14-24

set location Locname username Username

- see page 14-25

set location Locname voice on|off

- see page 14-26

show location Locname

- see page 14-27

show table location

- see page 14-28

Location Commands

These commands configure the location table of the PortMaster.

add location

This command adds a location to the location table.

add location Locname

Locname

Name of a remote location, up to 12 characters.

Usage

The location name is usually an identifier that represents an entire location-for example, a city or a company name at that location. It is not usually the name of a single system.

Example

Command> add location hq
Location hq successfully added

See Also

delete location - page 14-4

save location - page 14-5

show table location - page 14-28

delete location

This command deletes a location from the location table.

delete location Locname

Locname

A previously created location name that is in the location table.

Example

Command> delete location hq
Location hq successfully deleted

See Also

add location - page 14-3

save location - page 14-5

show table location - page 14-28

save location

This command writes any changes to the location table to the nonvolatile memory of the PortMaster.

save location

Usage

The save all command can also be used.

Example

Command> save location
Location table successfully saved
New configurations successfully saved.

set location analog

This command sets the digital modems of a PortMaster 3 to analog modem service when dialing out to the specified location.

set location Locname analog on|off

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

on

Enables analog modem service on dial-out.

off

Disables analog modem service on dial-out, and causes the service to revert to ISDN.

Usage

Use this command when analog rather than digital modem service is required for dial-out network connections.

Example

Command> set location hq analog on
hq voice dial changed from off to on

See Also

set location voice - page 14-26

set location automatic|manual|on_demand

This command modifies configuration parameters for the specified location.

set location Locname automatic|manual|on_demand

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

automatic

Sets the PortMaster to dial out to the location at boot time and to redial after a delay of 30 seconds if the connection drops.

manual

Sets the PortMaster to dial to the remote location when the administrator uses the dial command or pmdial utility. This keyword is also used for network dialback users. This is the default.

on_demand

Sets the PortMaster to dial to the remote location when packets are queued for that location.

Usage

For Automatic Dialing

If the telephone connection is lost, the PortMaster redials to that location. The redial mechanism in automatic mode is based on a back-off algorithm that begins at 30 seconds and continues forever.

For Manual Dialing

The request for connection can use the dial command, or it can be invoked from the pmdial utility installed on a network host. You can schedule connections by using the UNIX cron scheduler to call pmdial.

For On-demand Dialing

The PortMaster creates a network interface and the appropriate routing information to notify attached networks of the connectivity to the remote site. The PortMaster can perform these tasks whether or not an actual physical connection exists to that site at the time.

When changing a location from manual to on-demand, make sure to close the dial-out connection by resetting the serial port before updating the location table.

Example

Command> set location hq on_demand
hq changed to On-Demand Dial

See Also

reset dialer - page 2-15

set location idletime - page 14-12

 

set location chap

This command is used for configuring outbound CHAP authentication for a specified location.

set location Locname chap on|off

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

on

CHAP authentication is required for an outbound dial.

off

CHAP authentication is not supported for an outbound dial. This is the default.

Usage

The username and password entered in the location table are used as the system identifier and MD5 secret in the CHAP authentication. Use of this feature eliminates the need to use the system name and user table configurations for CHAP, unless the device being dialed also dials into the PortMaster.

See Also

set chap - page 3-5

set location password - page 14-20

set pap - page 3-15

set location compression

This command sets the use of Van Jacobson TCP/IP header compression and Stac LZS data compression for the location, improving interactive session performance.

set location Locname compression on|off

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

on

Enables compression. The PortMaster tries to negotiate both Van Jacobson and Stac LZS compression on PortMaster 3 and Office Router products, or Van Jacobson compression only on other PortMaster products. This is the default.

off

Disables compression.

stac

Enables Stac LZS data compression only. Stac LZS compression is supported only on PortMaster 3 and Office Router products.

vj

Enables Van Jacobson TCP/IP header compression only.

|stac|vj

Usage

Van Jacobson TCP/IP header compression can be used for SLIP and PPP connections. With SLIP, both sides need to be configured identically. For PPP connections, the PortMaster supports both bidirectional and unidirectional compression.

The PortMaster supports Stac LZS data compression only for PPP connections with bidirectional compression. Stac LZS data compression cannot be used for SLIP connections.

Example

Command> set location hq compression on
hq compression changed from off to on

set location destination

This command sets the IP address expected for the system at the remote end of the dial-out connection.

set location Locname destination Ipaddress

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Ipaddress

IP address or 39-character hostname of the destination.

Usage

For SLIP connections, enter the IP address or a valid hostname of the system at the remote end of the dial-up connection. The IP address or hostname can contain up to 39 characters. For PPP connections, the destination can be specified or negotiated. Assigned addresses are not supported for dial-out locations. To negotiate the address, use 255.255.255.255.

Example

Command> set location hq destination 192.168.1.1
hq destination changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.1.1

set location group

This command defines which network dial-out ports can be used for a specified location.

set location Locname group Group

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Group

Dial group from 0 to 100. The default is 0.

Usage

Each location has a dial group number. Ports configured with this dial group number are available for dial-out to this location. This command can be used to reserve ports for dial-out to specific locations, or to differentiate among different types of modems that are compatible with the remote location.

Example

Command> set location hq group 1
hq group number changed from 0 to 1

See Also

set S0 group - page 5-20

set W1 group - page 6-10

set location high_water

This command sets the number of bytes of queued network traffic required to open an additional dial-out line to the remote location.

set location Locname high_water Number

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Number

Number between 0 and 65535. The default is 0.

Usage

This value is used only when maxports is greater than 1 and network dial-out ports are available on the PortMaster. The PortMaster can quickly use all available ports for this location dial group if the high_water setting is too small.

Generally, interactive terminal traffic has no more than a few hundred bytes queued at any one time, but file transfers (for example, FTP) queue several thousand bytes. Consider size differences when deciding the number to use for high_water.

Example

Command> set location hq high_water 500
hq high water level changed from 0 to 500

See Also

set location group - page 14-10

set location maxports - page 14-16

set location idletime

This command sets the length of time the line can be idle-in both directions-before the PortMaster disconnects the connection to a specified location.

set location Locname idletime Number [minutes|seconds]

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Number

Timeout value from 0 to 255. The default value is 0.

minutes

Sets the idle time in minutes. This is the default.

seconds

Sets the idle time in seconds.

Usage

The idle timeout value is specified in minutes or seconds and can be any value from 0 to 240. It is for manual and on-demand locations.

If the idle timeout value is set to 0, the idle timer is disabled.

If the value is set to 2 seconds or a longer interval, the connection is disconnected after having no traffic for the designated time. RIP packets are not counted as traffic.

Example

Command> set location hq idletime 30
hq idle timeout changed from 0 minutes to 30 minutes

set location ifilter

This command sets a packet filter for packets entering the PortMaster from the interface this location establishes.

set location Locname ifilter [Filtername

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Filtername

Name of the input filter. The maximum is 15 characters.

]

Usage

When a filter is changed, any ports in use by the location must be reset to have the changes take effect.

You remove the filter by entering the command without a filter name.

Note ¯ If a matching filter name is not in the filter table, this command is not effective and all traffic is permitted.

Example

Command> set location hq ifilter hq.in
New input filter set for location hq

See Also

add filter - page 15-4
set location ofilter - page 14-19

set location ipxnet

This command sets the IPX network number for the point-to-point connection.

set location Locname ipxnet Ipxnetwork

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

IPXnetwork

IPX network to be used for a serial link. A 32-bit hexadecimal value.

Usage

Specify this number only if you are routing IPX across the link. The number is only used for the serial link itself, and must be different from the IPX network numbers at each end of the Ethernet.

Example

Command> set location home ipxnet 0x0f012345
IPX network set to F012345

See Also

set ipx on - page 3-8

set location local-ip-address

This command sets the local IP address of the PortMaster serial port for a numbered serial link.

set location Locname local-ip-address Ipaddress

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Ipaddress

IP address or 39-character hostname.

Usage

This command is not needed for typical PortMaster operation.

If this value is not set, the PortMaster uses the IP address of the Ether0 port.

This command is used to create a dialout point-to-point network connection when both ends require an IP address.

Note ¯ The point-to-point connection is a network of two nodes and requires its own IP subnet.

 

Example

Command> set location denver local-ip-address 192.168.96.6
denver local ip address changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.96.6

See Also

set location destination - page 14-10

set reported_ip - page 3-18

set location map

This command sets the PPP asynchronous map for a specified location.

set location Locname map Hex

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Hex

A 32-bit hexadecimal number. The default is 0x00000000.

Usage

The PPP protocol supports the replacement of nonprinting ASCII data in the PPP stream. These characters are not sent through the line, but instead are replaced by a special set of characters that the remote site interprets as the original characters. The PPP asynchronous map is a bit map of characters that should be replaced. The lowest-order bit corresponds to the first ASCII character NUL, and so on. Most environments should set the asynchronous map to zero to achieve maximum throughput. This command does not apply to the Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP).

The command set location Locname map 0 disables the asynchronous mapping.

Example

Command> set location hq map 0x00000001
hq async character map changed to 0x00000001

set location maxports

This command sets the maximum number of network dial-out ports the PortMaster can use for this location.

set location Locname maxports Number

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Number

Number between 0 and 60. The default is 0.

Usage

If 0 is selected, dialing to this location is disabled. If a number greater than 1 is selected, the PortMaster uses the value of high_water to decide when to dial out on additional lines. If more than one line is open to the remote location, the PortMaster balances the load among the lines. If multiple lines are open, idle time is used to decide when to disconnect unused lines.

The maximum number of ports should be the last setting configured for a location. When the number is set to greater than zero, the location is available for use.

Example

Command> set location hq maxports 4
hq maximum port count changed from 0 to 4

See Also

set location high_water - page 14-11

set location multilink - page 14-18

set location mtu

This command sets the maximum transmission unit (MTU) for the location.

set location Locname mtu MTU

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

MTU

MTU value, from 100 to 1500 bytes.

Usage

The MTU defines the largest frame or packet that can be sent through this port without fragmentation. A packet that exceeds this value is automatically fragmented if IP, or discarded if IPX. PPP connections have a maximum MTU of 1500 bytes, and SLIP connections have a maximum of 1006 bytes.

Example

Command> set location denver mtu 1006
denver mtu changed from 1500 to 1006

See Also

set location protocol - page 14-21

set location multilink

This command determines whether the PortMaster uses RFC 1990 Multilink PPP or PortMaster multiline load balancing for dial-out to a specified location through multiple ports.

set location Locname multilink on|off

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

on

Enables Multilink PPP-for ISDN and analog connections only.

off

Enables PortMaster multiline load-balancing. This is the default.

Usage

PortMaster multiline load balancing and Multilink PPP provide methods for splitting, recombining, and sequencing packets across multiple logical data links. PortMaster multiline load balancing can be used only for communications between PortMaster products. In contrast, Multilink PPP can be used with an ISDN connection between devices that support the standard described in RFC 1990.

Example

Command> set location hq multilink on
hq multilink changed from off to on

See Also

set location high_water - page 14-11

set location maxports - page 14-16

set location netmask

This command sets the IP netmask expected for the host or network at the remote end of the dial-out connection.

set location Locname netmask Ipmask

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Ipmask

IP netmask in dotted decimal notation.

Usage

Enter the netmask number in dotted decimal notation. For more information, see the section on netmasks in the PortMaster Configuration Guide.

Example

Command> set location hq netmask 255.255.255.0
hq netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.0

set location ofilter

This command sets a packet filter for packets exiting the PortMaster to the interface this location establishes.

set location Locname ofilter [Filtername]

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Filtername

Name of the output filter. The maximum is 15 characters.

Usage

When a filter is changed, any ports in use by the location must be reset to have the change take effect.

You remove the filter by entering the command without a filter name.

Example

Command> set location hq ofilter hq.out
New output filter set for location hq

See Also

add filter - page 15-4
set location ifilter - page 14-13

set location password

This command sets up a password for automatic location table scripting for dialing to a remote location.

set location Locname password Password

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Password

PAP password associated with the username. Alternatively, this password can be used with CHAP if CHAP authentication is set on for the location; see
page 14-8. The maximum password length is 64 characters.

Usage

Location table scripting, which uses this command together with the set location telephone and set location username commands, provides a simple alternative to setting up a V.25bis or chat dial script.

This is the preferred way to set up location table scripting when dialing to a remote location.

Example

Command> set location denver password excalcolaur
New password successfully set for location denver

See Also

set location chap - page 14-8

set location script - page 14-22

set location telephone - page 14-24

set location username - page 14-25

set location protocol

This command sets the protocol for encapsulating packets for the specified location.

set location Locname protocol slip|ppp|frame_relay|x75-sync

Locname

A location name that is in the location table.

slip

SLIP protocol.

ppp

PPP protocol.

frame_relay

Frame Relay subinterface.

x75-sync

X.75 protocol.

Usage

PPP can be used with either IP or IPX packet routing, or both.

Example

Command> set location hq protocol ppp
hq protocol changed to ppp

See Also

add dlci - page 14-29

set location mtu - page 14-17

set location script

This command sets up a dial script for dialing to a remote location.

set location Locname script|v25bis RuleNumber "String1" "String2"

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

script

Enables a dial script for dial-out on an asynchronous port. The total length of all strings in the script should not exceed 256 characters.

v25bis

Enables a dial script for synchronous V.25bis protocol dial-out, for switched 56Kbps or ISDN.

RuleNumber

Rule number, from 1 up. Use rule number 99 to delete the script.

"String1"

Send string of up to 30 characters, in quotation marks.

"String2"

Expect string of up to 30 characters, in quotation marks.

Note ¯ Alternatively, you can set up automatic location table scripting. This method is much simpler to administer, and is preferred for setting up location table scripting. See the commands set location telephone, set location username, and set location password-starting on page 14-24-for information.

Usage

Each send string is sent from the PortMaster to the modem or remote host. When the expect string is matched against the input from the remote end, the next line in the send string is sent, and so on. When the last line in the script is finished, the PortMaster activates the data link protocol specified for this location. Therefore, the last entry in the dial command script should be an expect string indicating that the remote location is ready to begin receiving network packets.

Any printable ASCII character can be placed in the send or expect strings. In addition, the following special characters are available:

\r

ASCII carriage return. Send strings usually end with the \r character. Do not use \r in the send string for the V.25bis protocol.

\0XX

Replaced by the octal digit in the XX.

\\

Replaced by a single backslash.

When you are connecting to a remote PortMaster, the final expect string to verify should be SL/IP for SLIP connections and PPP or a tilde (~) for PPP connections. A tilde is always the first character of a PPP frame. For other manufacturer's products, consult their manuals.

The dial script can also be used to implement outbound PAP authentication. If you specify a PAP username and password in the last line of the dial script, the PortMaster can be authenticated by the remote end using PAP. This capability is shown in the final example below.

Examples

Command> set location hq script 1 "atdt18005551212\r" "CONNECT"
New script entry successfully added.

Command> set location hq script 2 "\r" "ogin:"
New script entry successfully added.

Command> set location hq script 3 "my_login\r" "ssword:"
New script entry successfully added.

Command> set location hq script 4 "my_password\r" "PPP"
New script entry successfully added.

Command> set location denver v25bis 1 "CRN7005552227" "=DCD="
New script entry successfully added.

Command> set location denver v25bis 2 "=PAP=my-login/my-password"
New script entry successfully added.

See Also

set location password - page 14-20

set location telephone - page 14-24

set location username - page 14-25

set location telephone

This command sets up a telephone number for automatic location table scripting for dialing to a remote location.

set location Locname telephone String

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

String

Telephone number to dial. Specify multiple numbers by separating them with ampersands (&). The maximum string length is 64 characters.

Usage

Location table scripting, which uses this command together with the set location username and set location password commands, provides a simple alternative to setting up a V.25bis or chat dial script.

This is the preferred way to set up location table scripting when dialing to a remote location.

Examples

Command> set location denver telephone 13035551212&13035551313
New telephone successfully set for location denver

See Also

set location password - page 14-20

set location script - page 14-22

set location username - page 14-25

set location username

This command sets up a PAP or CHAP username for automatic location table scripting for dialing to a remote location.

set location Locname username Username

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Username

PAP or CHAP username to use when logging in to the remote location.

The maximum name length is 64 characters.

Usage

Location table scripting, which uses this command together with the set location telephone and set location password commands, provides a simple alternative to setting up a V.25bis or chat dial script.

This is the preferred way to set up location table scripting when dialing to a remote location.

Example

Command> set location denver username sanjose
New username successfully set for location denver

See Also

set location chap - page 14-8

set location password - page 14-20

set location script - page 14-22

set location telephone - page 14-24

set location voice

This command forces a data-over-voice call on an outbound ISDN connection to a specified location.

set location Locname voice on|off

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

on

Forces data-over-voice via 3.1KHz audio service on an outbound ISDN connection.

off

Disables data-over-voice on an outbound ISDN connection. This is the default.

Usage

Data over voice is supported for inbound and outbound ISDN connections. The PortMaster automatically accepts inbound voice calls and treats them as data calls.

Example

Command> set location denver voice on
denver voice dial changed from off to on

See Also

add location - page 14-3

set location analog - page 14-5

show location - page 14-28

show location

This command displays configuration information for a specified location.

show location Locname

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Example

Command> show location sub1

 

Location:

sub1

Type:

Sub-Interface

IP Address:

192.168.3.1

Netmask:

255.255.255.0

Protocol:

Frame Relay

Options:

Routing

Group:

1

Mtu:

1500

IP DLCI's:

DLCI Address

 

 

 

--- ---------

 

 

 

16 0.0.0.0

 

 

 

17 0.0.0.0

 

 

See Also

show all - page 2-21

show S0 - page 2-34

show table location

Network dial-out destinations are configured in the location table. This command shows the current entries in the location table.

show table location

Example

Command> show table location

 

 

 

Location

Destination

Netmask

Group

Maxconn

Type

---------

-------------

-------------

-------

--------

------------

 

hq

172.16.1.1

255.255.255.0

1

4

On Demand

sf

192.168.1.21

255.255.255.0

99

1

Manual

sub1

192.168.3.1

255.255.255.0

2

0

Manual

bsp

172.16.1.21

255.255.255.0

99

1

Manual

 

DLCI Commands

The DLCI table commands in Table 14-2 configure the DLCI table used to split a Frame Relay interface into primary and secondary subinterfaces according to the data link connection identifier (DLCI).  
DLCI Table Commands

Command Syntax

 

add dlci|ipdlci|ipxdlci Locname Dlci [Ipaddress|Ipxnode]

- see page 14-29

delete dlci|ipdlci|ipxdlci Locname Dlci

- see page 14-31

show location Locname

- see page 14-27

add dlci

This command sets the Frame Relay subinterfaces for a specified location that has been configured to use Frame Relay service.

add dlci|ipdlci|ipxdlci Locname Dlci [Ipaddress|Ipxnode]

Note ¯ ipdlci is a synonym for dlci.

ipdlci or dlci

Use for IP connections.

ipxdlci

Use for IPX connections.

Locname

Location name that is in the location table.

Dlci

DLCI number, from 1 to 1023.

Ipaddress

Optional IP address of the router attached to the permanent virtual circuit (PVC) represented by the DLCI.

Ipxnode

IPX node address of the PortMaster attached to the permanent virtual circuit (PVC) represented by the DLCI. This value is the PortMaster MAC address-a 48-bit number.

Usage

The PortMaster supports a feature called DLCI bundling to allow one synchronous port with multiple DLCIs to be split into up to 32 Frame Relay subinterfaces. Each Frame Relay subinterface can have up to 50 DLCI mappings. Splitting is done through the use of the location table and the DLCI table.

The port to which the Frame Relay is connected must be set for Frame Relay, and must be in the same dial group as the location. Each subinterface must have its own subnet or network number.

The PortMaster can be configured for no more than 512 total active interfaces-or fewer if limited by available memory.

Refer to the PortMaster Configuration Guide for more information.

You can change values in the add dlci command by repeating the command with new values. You do not need to delete the existing DLCI entries before changing the values.

Example

In this example, port S1 is configured for Frame Relay and a new location sub1 is configured as a subinterface. Commands and responses are shown.

Command> set s1 protocol frame
Protocol for port S1 changed from slip to frame_relay

Command> set s1 group 1
Group number for port S1 changed from 0 to 1

Command> add location sub1
Location sub1 successfully added

Command> set location sub1 protocol frame
sub1 protocol changed to frame_relay

Command> set location sub1 group 1
sub1 group number changed from 0 to 1

Command> set location sub1 address 192.168.3.1
sub1 destination changed from 0.0.0.0 to 192.168.3.1

Command> set location sub1 netmask 255.255.255.0
sub1 netmask changed from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.0

Command> set location sub1 routing on
sub1 routing changed from off to on (broadcast,listen)

Command> add dlci sub1 16
New dlci successfully added

Command> add dlci sub1 17
New dlci successfully added

Command> save all

Command> reset s1

See Also

add dlci - page 6-8

delete dlci

This command deletes entries from the DLCI table.

delete dlci|ipdlci|ipxdlci Locname Dlci

dlci or ipdlci

Use for IP connections.

ipxdlci

Use for IPX connections.

Locname

Specified location name that is in the location table.

Dlci

DLCI number, from 1 to 1023.

Usage

This procedure is the reverse of adding the DLCI subinterfaces. You can confirm the removal by using the show location command.

Examples

Command> delete dlci sub1 16
DLCI successfully deleted

Command> delete dlci sub1 17
DLCI successfully deleted

See Also

add dlci - page 14-29

delete dlci - page 6-8

 



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